L: size marker of 100 bp, lanes 1 to 6: Positive examples for C. 2 fertile females (1.6%) (p=0.35). We didn’t discover any seropositive immunoglobulin G in both groupings. Conclusion: In this study, no significant difference MS-444 was found between fertile and infertile groups for infection. MS-444 Also, the correlation between IgM and PCR results revealed a relatively strong agreement and seems both PCR and IgM assays are appropriate for the accurate diagnosis ofC. trachomatisinfections. infections in symptomatic patients have an incubation period between 1-3 wk with non-specific symptoms such as abnormal vaginal discharge, intermenstrual bleeding, dysuria or pyuria (3). This infection is asymptomatic in about 70% of infected women and 50% of infected men and for this reason; it remains undiagnosed and can develop complications (4). The lower genital tract infections due to C. trachomatis are more common in women less 25 yr old compare to women over 25 yr old (13.5% vs. 3.3%) (5). Other risk factors associated with this infection are unmarried status, nulliparity, black race and poor socioeconomic condition (6). The women, who carry C. trachomatis asymptomatically, are considered as the potential sources of transmission to their partners (7). In women, this hidden infection can led to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which then cause tubal infertility. Chlamydial PID is preventable if antibiotic treatment is recommended on time (8, 9). Since the treatment of PID and infertility due to C. trachomatis has high financial costs, expansion of MS-444 the screening programs for detecting asymptomatic women is essential. The main aims of these programs are early detection and treatment of uncomplicated lower genital tract infections (10). Currently, various diagnostic assays for diagnosis of C. were established that among them the cell culture is suggested as the gold standard method. The cell culture has high specificity but low sensitivity and is available only in some research laboratories. For this reason, other methods for diagnosis of this bacterium were suggested such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nucleic acid amplification tests such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, both methods are available in most diagnostic laboratories (11). In detail, ELISA kits mostly use enzyme-labelled antibodies against lipopolysaccharide. Since these antibodies can produce cross- reactions with other chlamydial species, this test may produce false-positive results. Otherwise, ELISA has a lower sensitivity than the cell culture. On the other hand, TGFB3 PCR is a method with high sensitivity and specificity that it’s result is not dependent to either viability or an intact state of target organism. Genes targeted for MS-444 diagnosis of C. trachomatis are MOMP gene, phospholipase gene and 16S and 23S rRNA genes. However, PCR has some disadvantages such as the presence of inhibitors with samples and its high costs (12). In Iran, some researchers reported the prevalence of C. trachomatis among women with infertility. Sattari and Badami found that anti- C. trachomatis antibodies in infertile women were significantly more than control group (p 0.05) (13, 14). However, to our knowledge, there has not been any adequate research on the detection of C. trachomatis among infertile women in Ahvaz. For this reason, in our study, for the first time, the prevalence of C. trachomatis was compared among infertile and fertile women using PCR and ELISA methods in Ahvaz city, Iran. Materials and methods Study design This case-control study 100 infertile and 125 fertile women age range between 18-49 yr were selected and conducted between August 2016 to January 2017 at the Infertility Clinic of University Jahad, Ahvaz, Iran. According to questionnaire, age, gravidity, previous parities, histories of abortion, post coital bleeding, dyspareunia, abnormal vaginal discharges and ectopic pregnancy were documented for all women. The inclusion criteria for infertile women were inability in pregnancy despite trying at least one year, a certificate of fertility from men, and lack of antibiotic therapy within 30 days before this assessment. The causes of female infertility were the involvement of ovaries, damages of fallopian tubes or uterus, or abnormality of the cervix. The fertile group was defined as women in third trimester of pregnancy admitted to delivery room. In this group,.
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